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If you want to just count recent history, jews started buying land and returning to Palestine in the late 1800s. They started flooding in after some anti-semitic pogroms in the early 20th century and things have been spicy since.
Those Jews were not interested in a Jewish state in Palestine. That didn’t come until political Zionism in the interwar period.
Even before that there was some violence between the communities, which is what I was referring to.
